| 2022-12-09 | General Maxwellian Dynamics defined by a novel equation set. Particles are Maxwellian solitons.
A. L. Vrba
Waves of all types are described mathematically using partial differential equations. Here, departing from this tradition, I describe waves using a novel system of three simultaneous vector algebraic equations: $\mathscr{M}(\vb u,\vb a,\vb r) = \big\{\vb r= \vb u \cross \vb a;\,$ $\vb u= (\vb a \cross \vb r)/\norm{\vb a}^2;\,$ $\vb a = (\vb r \cross \vb u)/\norm{\vb u}^2 \big\}$ which define Maxwellian wave dynamics for any fields $\vb a$ and $\vb b$ that support wave action and $\vb u$ a velocity vector. That is $\mathscr{M}(\vb u,\vb B,\vb E)$ is a novel reformulation of the Maxwell equations in vacuum. Furthermore, the expressions for the permittivity $\epsilon_0$, permeability $\mu_0$ and the magnetic flux density $\vb B$, in terms of action $h$, elementary charge $e$ and speed of light $c$, are obtained by manipulating $\mathscr{M}$ with the assumption that an EM-wave has action and transports charge. As an application of $\mathscr{M}(\vb u,\vb B,\vb E)$ I show that three dimensional spherical EM-wave structures do exist, in theory at least. They are stationary with finite dimensionality and could provide the basis for describing EM-solitons, which in turn could be used to describe many natural phenomena, including ball lightning among others. Instead of working with fields I reformulate $\mathscr{M}$ in terms of flux vectors $\vb A$ and $\vb R$. Using $\mathscr{M}(\vb u, \vb A, \vb R)$ I describe rotary waves (propeller-like instead of ripples on a pond) and show that rotary waves could be the basis to describe particles, physically, as solitons in terms of Maxwellian wave dynamics. General Maxwellian Dynamics, defined by the simultaneous equations $\vb r= \vb u \cross \vb a;\,$ $\vb u= (\vb a \cross \vb r)/\norm{\vb a}^2;\,$ $\vb a = (\vb r \cross \vb u)/\norm{\vb u}^2$, describes novel rotary waves. These are Maxwellian solitons that could model particles physically. Full abstract ... BibLaTeX@Article{Vrba-2022-1673, |
| 2022-10-05 | A mathematical derivation of the Maxwell equations
A. L. Vrba
Waves of all types are described mathematically using partial differential equations. Here, departing from this tradition, I describe waves using a novel system of three simultaneous vector algebraic equations. These equations when set in the electromagnetic domain are a novel mathematical reformulation of the Maxwell equations: $\mathscr{M}(\vb u,\vb B,\vb E) = \big\{\vb E= \vb u \cross \vb B;\,$ $\vb u= (\vb B \cross \vb E)/\norm{\vb B}^2;\,$ $\vb B = (\vb E \cross \vb u)/\norm{\vb u}^2 \big\}$ where $\vb u$ is a velocity vector. Furthermore, the expressions for the permittivity $\epsilon_0$, permeability $\mu_0$ and the magnetic flux density $\vb B$ are obtained by manipulating $\mathscr{M}.$ As an application of $\mathscr{M}$ I show that three dimensional spherical EM-wave structures do exist, in theory at least. They are stationary with finite dimensionality and could provide the basis for describing EM-solitons, which in turn could be used to describe many natural phenomena, including ball lightning among others. Waves are described by a novel system of three simultaneous vector equations. These equations when set in the electromagnetic domain are a reformulation of the Maxwell equations, and could describe 3D-EM wave structures, e.g. ball-lightning. Full abstract ... BibLaTeX@Article{Vrba-2022-787, |
| 2022-11-12 | Quantum nonlocality.
N. Sotina
Experiments with entangled particles and various interpretations of the experiments are usually combined under a common term 'Quantum Nonlocality'. This work analyzes the term of ‘nonlocality’ and gives brief overview of the known interpretations of the entangled particles paradox. A model of the physical vacuum as a superfluid is proposed. Structures forming in the superfluid physical vacuum that surround a particle can give explanation to the quantum entanglement phenomenon. This work analyzes the term of ‘nonlocality’ and gives overview of interpretations of the entangled particles paradox. A model of the physical vacuum as a superfluid is proposed. Structures forming in the superfluid physical vacuum that surround a particle can give explanation to the quantum entanglement phenomenon. Full abstract ... BibLaTeX@Article{Sotina-2022-1518, |
| 2022-10-19 | Variable Speed of Light in 3-dimensional Euclidean Space
N. Sotina and N. Lvov
The speed of light according to special relativity has the same constant value c with respect to a distant star, as it has with respect to the Earth or with respect to a moving source. Special relativity explains this paradox through kinematics. It proposes that space is 4-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean and, hence, the classical law of velocity addition is not applicable. In this work we show that experimental observations of the constancy of the speed of light can be explained remaining in the framework the three-dimensional Euclidean space model and the classical law of velocity addition. But in this case, we have to accept the existence of some ‘hidden’ dynamics that leads to equalization of the velocity of light (photon) to value c within the same frame. We show mathematically that the transverse Doppler Effect can be used in support of such hypothesis (note, that the transverse Doppler Effect is still considered the main arguments in favor of the relativistic kinematics). Astronomical observations of binary stars also support the hypothesis that the speed of light changes within a physical frame of reference. By accepting the existence of some ‘hidden’ dynamics, we show that experimental observations of the constancy of the speed of light can be explained in three-dimensional Euclidean space and the classical law of velocity addition. A mathematical analysis of the transverse Doppler Effect supports this hypothesis. Full abstract ... BibLaTeX@Article{Sotina-2022-1303, |
| 2022-12-03 | Electricity is not what we think it is.
A. L. Vrba
The mid 19th century natural philosophers pondered about the nature of the electric phenomenon, and used the term electric fluid. After the electron was discovered by Thomson, Drude shortly afterwards presented his theory of electric current as a drift of electrons; that theory, albeit with modifications, still holds today. Here I present a thought experiment that challenges Drude's theory. A thought experiment that challenges Drude's theory that electrons are the charge carririers for electric current. Full abstract ... BibLaTeX@Article{Vrba-2022-1661, |